A hernia is a general term for a weakness or defect of the abdominal wall or any supporting structure in the body. This weakness or tear in the abdominal muscles may allow fatty tissue or an organ such as the intestine to protrude through the weak area. This can cause a noticeable bulge under the skin, and the pressure of tissue pushing its way through the weakened area can be the source of significant pain and discomfort. Hernias can be congenital or secondary to trauma or previous surgery.

A hernia can occur in a variety of locations on the body, including:

• Inguinal hernia
  This is the most common type of hernia and occurs in the groin. It often presents after sudden heavy lifting or coughing or straining. One may notice a burning sensation or pressure in the groin associated with a bulge.



• Femoral Hernia
  This bulge occurs low in the groin and is more common in females.



• Sports Hernia
  This defect is located in the groin, but there is no protrusion through the defect.



• Umbilical Hernia
  This is a defect that occurs through the belly button or umbilicus.



• Epigastric Hernia
  This usually presents as a small, painful bulge in the midline between the umbilicus and the chest.



• Ventral Incisional Hernia
  This presents as a bulge with or without discomfort in an area of a scar from a previous abdominal operation.



• Lumbar Hernia
  This defect is located in the flank.



• Spigelian Hernia
  This defect is located in the lower groin.